Calque
/kælk/
Definition 1 of 1
Pro Tip 1/3Cultural Origin
Understand that a calque relates to cultural concepts and may not make sense when directly translated. 
The calque 'sky-scraper' from English was adopted in many languages, though it may sound odd directly translated.
Pro Tip 2/3Direct Translation
A calque is not just borrowing words; it's translating each part of a term to create a new expression in another language. 
The English 'superman' is a calque from the German 'Übermensch'.
Pro Tip 3/3Understanding Context
Be aware that calques can be confusing without context as their components may have different meanings separately. 
In 'flea market', neither 'flea' nor 'market' indicates a place for vintage finds, but together, they're understood as one.