Justiciary/dʒəˈstɪʃieri/ Definition 1 of 2Pro Tip 1/3Legal Context Used to discuss Scotland's historical legal system. The justiciary played a crucial role in medieval Scottish law. Pro Tip 2/3Medieval Relevance Relates specifically to Scotland's courts during the Middle Ages. Historians study the justiciary to understand Scottish medieval justice. Pro Tip 3/3Comprehensive Jurisdiction The justiciary dealt with a wide range of cases. The justiciary's jurisdiction extended to both criminal and civil disputes.